Free HESI-A2 sample questions

Correct answer: Improvement

Amelioration means the act of making something better or improving it. In a medical context, it refers to the reduction or improvement of symptoms or a condition. 'Exacerbation' is an antonym, meaning a worsening of symptoms. 'Diagnosis' is the identification of a disease, and 'complication' is a secondary problem that arises.

Correct answers: Active Transport; Endocytosis

Active transport moves substances against their concentration gradient (from low to high concentration), which requires cellular energy (ATP). The sodium-potassium pump is a classic example.

Endocytosis is the process by which cells take in large particles or substances by engulfing them, forming a vesicle. This process requires energy (ATP) to change the shape of the cell membrane. Osmosis and facilitated diffusion are forms of passive transport and do not require ATP.

Correct answer: 670 mL

To calculate the total intake, each amount must be converted to milliliters and then summed. 1. Juice: 6 oz * 30 mL/oz = 180 mL 2. Coffee: 1 cup * 240 mL/cup = 240 mL 3. Water: 0.5 * 500 mL = 250 mL Total Intake = 180 mL + 240 mL + 250 mL = 670 mL. The output information (urinary and drain) is not needed to answer the question about intake.

Correct answer: Successful management of Type 2 diabetes requires a comprehensive and consistent approach that may evolve over time.

The passage discusses multiple aspects of diabetes management (diet, exercise, medication), the progression of treatment (from oral meds to insulin), corrects a misconception, and stresses the importance of adherence to avoid complications. This encompasses the entire message, making it the main idea. The other options are either directly contradicted by the text or are supporting details rather than the central theme.

Correct answer: False

This statement is false. The definition of arteries and veins is based on the direction of blood flow relative to the heart, not oxygenation status. Arteries carry blood away from the heart, and veins carry blood toward the heart. The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs, and the pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart.

Correct answer: Hypo-

The prefix 'hypo-' means below, under, or deficient. Examples include 'hypoglycemia' (low blood sugar) and 'hypotension' (low blood pressure). 'Hyper-' means above or excessive. 'Inter-' means between. 'Intra-' means within.

Correct answer: Weakly alkaline (basic)

The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is neutral. A pH below 7 is acidic, and a pH above 7 is alkaline (or basic). Since 8.5 is slightly above 7, the solution is classified as weakly alkaline. graph LR A[pH 0-6.9] --> Acidic B[pH 7] --> Neutral C[pH 7.1-14] --> Alkaline/Basic subgraph pH Scale direction LR A -- B -- C end style B fill:#d3d3d3,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px

Correct answer: 1500 mL

The prefix 'milli-' means one-thousandth. Therefore, there are 1000 milliliters in 1 liter. To convert liters to milliliters, you multiply the number of liters by 1000. So, 1.5 L * 1000 mL/L = 1500 mL.

Correct answer: Adjective

An adjective is a word that describes or modifies a noun or pronoun. In this sentence, 'nauseous' describes the state of the 'patient' (a noun). It answers the question 'How did the patient feel?'. Therefore, 'nauseous' is an adjective.

Correct answer: As needed

'PRN' is a medical abbreviation from the Latin phrase 'pro re nata,' which translates to 'as the thing is needed' or simply 'as needed.' It means the medication should be administered only when the patient requires it for a specific symptom, not on a fixed schedule.